{"id":3202,"date":"2014-08-22T13:32:00","date_gmt":"2014-08-22T11:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwdeklerk.org\/article-seeing-red-over-parliamentary-protocol-2\/"},"modified":"2021-05-24T01:08:11","modified_gmt":"2021-05-23T23:08:11","slug":"article-seeing-red-over-parliamentary-protocol-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwdeklerk.org\/af\/article-seeing-red-over-parliamentary-protocol-2\/","title":{"rendered":"ARTIKEL: MENSE SIEN ROOI OOR PARLEMENT\u00caRE PROTOKOL"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hul klaarblyklike minagting vir parlement\u00eare gebruike en tradisies het ander politieke partye warm onder die kraag, terwyl kommentators verdeeld is oor die vraag of hierdie oproerige optrede gesteun of veroordeel moet word. Van hul kleredrag in die Huis tot die afranseling van die President en die Spreker – lede van die EVV daag die status quo<\/em> in die Parlement uit. In hierdie spesifieke geval het hulle moontlik \u2019n punt beet.<\/p>\n

Ons demokrasie is gegrond op die uitgangspunt dat die regering gegrond moet wees op die wil van die mense. Sodanige regering moet, kragtens die Grondwet, \u2019n veelpartystelsel van demokratiese regering wees ten einde verantwoordingspligtigheid, \u2018n responsiewe ingesteldheid en openheid te verseker, onderhewig aan die Grondwet en die oppergesag van die reg. Die Nasionale Vergadering word gevolglik verkies ten einde die mense te verteenwoordig en om \u2019n regering deur die mense ingevolge die Grondwet te verseker. Kragtens artikel 42 gee die Nasionale Vergadering uitvoering hieraan deur die President te verkies deur die daarstelling van \u2019n nasionale forum vir die openbare oorweging van aangeleenthede, deur wetgewing te aanvaar en deur die optrede van die uitvoerende gesag onder die loep te neem en daaroor toesig te hou.<\/p>\n

Ten einde vir die Parlement en sy Nasionale Vergadering om sy grondwetlike pligte uit te voer, naamlik om te debatteer oor aangeleenthede van nasionale belang of om toesig te hou oor die uitvoerende gesag en dit tot verantwoording te roep, ken die Grondwet spesifieke magte aan die wetgewer toe. Eerstens bemagtig artikel 57 die Nasionale Vergadering om sy eie interne re\u00eblings, verrigtinge, prosedures, re\u00ebls en ordes met betrekking tot sy werksaamhede te bepaal – met inagneming van verteenwoordigende en deelnemende demokrasie, verantwoordbaarheid, deursigtigheid en die betrokkenheid van die publiek. Tweedens bepaal artikel 58 dat kabinetslede, adjunkministers en lede van die Nasionale Vergadering vryheid van spraak in die Nasionale Vergadering en sy komitees geniet, onderhewig aan grondwetlike beperkings en die re\u00ebls en ordes van die Parlement. Daarbenewens bepaal artikel 55 dat die Nasionale Vergadering voorsiening moet maak vir maatre\u00ebls om \u201cte verseker dat alle uitvoerende staatsorgane in die nasionale regeringsfeer aan hom verantwoording doen\u201d en \u201com toesig te hou oor die uitoefening van nasionale uitvoerende gesag, met inbegrip van die uitvoering van wetgewing en enige staatsorgaan\u201d.<\/p>\n

In Oriani-Ambrosini v Sisulu<\/em> het die Konstitusionele Hof aangevoer dat die Nasionale Vergadering, ten opsigte van die aanvaarding van re\u00ebls en prosedures, hul magte moet uitvoer met inagneming van verteenwoordigende en deelnemende demokrasie, verantwoordbaarheid, deursigtigheid en deelname deur die publiek, maar ook met inagneming van die reg van minderheidspartye om aan die verrigtinge van die Nasionale Vergadering en sy komitees in ooreenstemming met demokrasie deel te neem. Die Nasionale Vergadering is dus nie in staat om wesenlike of inhoud-gebaseerde beperkings op die grondwetlike magte van sy lede af te dwing nie, maar kan ten beste slegs re\u00ebls aanvaar wat prosedureel van aard is. In wese beteken dit dat parlement\u00eare re\u00ebls en gebruike wat die Nasionale Vergadering se vermo\u00eb om te debatteer of die uitvoerende gesag tot verantwoording te roep, op onregverdige wyse beperk, moontlik nie gepas is nie, ongeag tradisie. Daarbenewens het die App\u00e8lhof in Speaker of the National Assembly v De Lille & Another <\/em>aangevoer dat die reg op vryheid van spraak in die Nasionale Vergadering deur artikel 58(1) beskerm word as \u2019n fundamentele reg wat uiters belangrik is vir \u2019n verteenwoordigende regering in \u2019n demokratiese samelewing. Sy strekking en gees moet ooreenstem met alle ander bepalings van die Grondwet wat betrekking het op die wyse waarop verrigtinge in die Parlement uitgevoer word. Parlement\u00eare re\u00ebls en beginsels, sowel as die voorsittende beamptes moet, in beginsel, hierdie reg en vryheid respekteer in die belang van verantwoordbaarheid.<\/p>\n

Die mate en krag waarmee die Nasionale Vergadering egter met die uitvoerende gesag debatteer en toesighouding daaroor uitoefen, word hoofsaaklik deur die regerende party bepaal. Aangeleenthede soos PetroSA, Travelgate en Guptagate, die aflewering van handboeke en die Nkandla-kwessie is ongelukkig voorbeelde van hoe die regering hul plig verwater het om oor hierdie kwessies te debatteer en toesighouding oor die Parlement uit te oefen. Gevolglik sal die mense, met inbegrip van opposisiepartye, gefrustreerd raak wanneer werklike debat onderdruk word en doeltreffende toesighouding tot lippediens beperk word – en die Nasionale Vergadering sal sy geloofwaardigheid verloor. Gevolglik is d\u00edt wat ons nou in die Parlement sien heel moontlik die gevolg van die Nasionale Vergadering se eie versuim om die uitvoerende gesag tot verantwoording te roep en om oor kwessies van nasionale belang te debatteer, soos deur die nasie van hulle verwag word.<\/p>\n

Demokrasie vereis beslis wedersydse respek en re\u00ebls wat struktuur sal verleen aan prosesse en prosedures in die wetgewer. Die Parlement kan egter nie skuil agter protokol wanneer dit kom by sy grondwetlike plig om \u2019n nasionale forum te wees vir openbare debat nie, en om die uitvoerende gesag onder die loep te neem en toesig daaroor uit te oefen nie. Ja – prag en praal en voorbereide antwoorde kan deel vorm van die Parlement se gebruike en tradisies. Maar indien dit oorpakke en harde woorde verg om behoorlike toesighouding en werklike debatte te verseker, is dit miskien tyd om dit wat \u201ceerbaarheid\u201d en die eentonigheid van parlement\u00eare protokol vir ons grondwetlike demokrasie beteken, te herdefinieer. As ons dit nie doen nie, sal meer mense rooi begin sien.<\/p>\n

Adv Johan Kruger, Direkteur: Sentrum vir Grondwetlike Regte<\/em><\/p>\n

Foto: GovernmentZA<\/span><\/a> \/ Foter<\/span><\/a> \/ Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-ND 2.0)<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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FW DE KLERK STIGTING REAGEER OP EUGENE DE KOCK SE PAROOLAANSOEK<\/a><\/h3>\n
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